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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Air traffic control warning system}}<br />
'''Minimum safe altitude warning''' ('''MSAW''') is an automated warning system for [[air traffic controller]]s (ATCO). It is a ground-based safety net intended to warn the controller about increased risk of [[controlled flight into terrain]] accidents by generating, in a timely manner, an alert of aircraft proximity to terrain or obstacles.<ref name=spin>{{Cite web |title=EUROCONTROL Specification for Minimum Safe Altitude Warning |url=http://www.eurocontrol.int/sites/default/files/publication/files/20090519-msaw-guid-v1.0.pdf |date=19 May 2009|version=0.9 | publisher=Eurocontrol|accessdate=2010-05-24 }}</ref><br />
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== Description ==<br />
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[[ICAO|International Civil Aviation Organization]] Doc 4444 requires that radar systems should provide for the display of safety-related alerts including the presentation of minimum safe altitude warning.<ref name=doc4444>{{cite book |title=Rules of the Air and Air Traffic Services |publisher=ICAO|id=Doc 4444-RAC/501}}</ref> The radar equipment predicts an aircraft’s position in 2 minutes based on present path of flight, and the controller issues a safety alert if the projected path encounters terrain or an obstruction. An unusually rapid descent rate on a [[non-precision approach]] can trigger such an alert.<ref name="IFH">{{cite book |title=Instrument Flying Handbook |date=2012 |publisher=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] Flight Standards Service |isbn=979-8776640544 |edition=FAA-H-8083-15B |url=https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/FAA-H-8083-15B.pdf |chapter=Chapter 2. The Air Traffic Control System |pages=5}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><br />
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It is worth mentioning that ICAO Doc 4444 does not provide a definition of the term MSAW. Instead the term MSAW is ambiguously used in [[Air traffic control|ATC]] community to identify such warnings as well as for data processing systems providing the alert function.{{CN|date=January 2025}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
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== External links ==<br />
* [http://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/MSAW SKYbrary article on MSAW]<br />
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[[Category:Aviation safety]]<br />
[[Category:Air traffic control]]<br />
[[Category:Warning systems]]</div>wikipedia>DVanDeursen