Takeoff Roll

The takeoff roll, also known as the ground roll, is the initial portion of the takeoff process where the aircraft accelerates from a standstill to a speed sufficient for liftoff. This phase is crucial for building the necessary speed to generate enough lift for the wings to lift the aircraft off the ground. The takeoff roll is a critical element in determining the total takeoff distance, which includes the ground roll, the distance from liftoff to a 50-foot altitude, and any transition distances.

Takeoff Roll Details

Ground Roll

This is the distance the aircraft travels on the ground while accelerating.

Rotation Speed (Vr)

The aircraft is accelerated to a specific speed known as the rotation speed (Vr), at which the pilot begins to gently raise the nose of the aircraft to prepare for liftoff.

Liftoff Speed (Vlof)

Once the aircraft is at the rotation speed, it continues to accelerate, and at the liftoff speed, the pilot will initiate the lift-off maneuver, raising the nose of the aircraft further to generate lift and transition into flight.

Controlling the Aircraft

During the takeoff roll, the pilot uses the nose wheel steering and rudder to maintain a straight course on the runway.

Safety Considerations

It's crucial to be aware of the minimum controllable speed during the takeoff roll, especially in case of an engine failure.

Takeoff Distance

The total takeoff distance includes the ground roll, the distance from liftoff to a 50-foot altitude (or sometimes 35 feet), and any additional distance needed to clear obstacles.

The takeoff roll is a dynamic and critical phase of the takeoff procedure, requiring careful attention to airspeed, control, and runway conditions.